What Translators Need To Know: Machine Translation Post-Editing

 

As mentioned previously, machine translation is becoming an increasingly viable option for professionals seeking economical translation services, one chief reason being the capability of handling large volumes of text in a much shorter time-period. However, machine translation has yet to reach the point of perfection, in that it makes mistakes that are obvious to human readers and lacks the ability to know the context for a particular document (i.e. what a document is going to be used for, how formal the writing needs to be, and so on). Though the worry of being replaced by technology is there, humans who are certified translation providers in Singapore can still find a role to fill in this process, which is handling the task of Machine Translation Post-Editing.

As the name itself explains, Machine Translation Post-Editing (or MTPE) is the act of reviewing the text produced by machine translation. For instance, if a translation company has used machine translation in a legal translation service, they can then bring in a translator (whether in-house or freelance) to appraise and correct it where needed. If such a company wants to retain their reputation from providing certified document translation services in Singapore, they want to ensure that whatever machine translation program they use results in documents free from errors and correct in its usage of terms (legal, technical, and etc).

This is especially the case when the produced document has an important purpose, such as that which comes from a notarized translation. Not only are legal professionals with costly services involved, but the document that is notarized and certified cannot be corrected after the process. A machine translation program neither cares about wasted fees nor loss of reputation, so the duty of ensuring the absolute correctness of the document (and in turn the success of the translation and the future success of the client’s intent for the document) falls to the human translator in Singapore assigned to this task.

In some cases, translators could even be required for the MTPE process simply for the sake of improving machine translation. A company behind a particular machine translation program could have it translate a large randomly selected series of texts, and then bring in translators to either make corrections to the results or to translate lines of text on their own. The company then compares both results (that of the machine translation program and that of the human translators) to see where the program succeeded or failed, how translators improved on what the program produced, and how the program itself can be improved from what has been observed.

Even with machine translation, there are certain aspects of the translation industry that cannot be automated, and the process of improving machine translation can provide roles for human translators to fill. In the meantime, before machine translation is fine-tuned to human (or even superhuman) levels of professional quality, if one requires translation services (such as a PR application translation service), the best options available are still either a certified translator or a certified translation company in Singapore.

Tools of Translation: Machine Translation

 

In the past, numerous jokes have been made about the awkward nature of machines, especially when they were used to simulate typical human actions. Robots were portrayed with clumsy movement and stilted speech; texts produced entirely by a computer were either nonsensical or unfocused. Even today, one can personally witness the difficulty machines have with human words and speech by selecting YouTube’s options for automatic transcription or translation. However, this clumsiness is becoming a thing of the past, as technological advances and increasingly refined data morph the capabilities of machines from science-fiction jokes to frighteningly useful tools. The translation industry is no stranger to this, where machine translation can potentially achieve results on par with that of a certified translation company in Singapore.

Though clients seeking guarantees of quality may still turn to humans, particularly for crucial work such as a notarized translation, one key reason for opting for machine translation would simply be volume, or rather the capability of converting a high volume of pages from one language to another very quickly. After all, it may be simple enough to provide a translation service for a dozen or so pages, but if the client requires the translation of hundreds of pages in a limited window of time, then it may be too unmanageable for only a few translators to do on their own, or it may be that the certified document translation services in Singapore necessary to finish that work before the specified deadline would be too costly for the client. Of course, clients aiming to seek out cheaper translation services in general is a key reason of its own.

On the other hand, the adage of “you get what you pay for” applies here as well. Machine translation programs may have advanced in quality as tools since their creation, but on its own, machine translation still has a reputation of producing noticeable errors as well. A computer may have whole encyclopedias of various languages in its database, but it may end up making obvious mistakes if it is unable to understand context like a human. For example, if a legal translation service is being provided, then it requires more formal language. Some machine translation programs use a brute-force method of running words through countless dictionaries for their equivalent in another language, but if they run into the names of peoples or places (such as in a PR application translation) and are not instructed to leave them alone, the program can make the grievous error of translating a name into something unrecognizable.

Mind you, this is not making an argument against machine translation, as it is a tool just like any other. Rather, it is an argument against blindly using machine translation. A dictionary may know each word’s meaning, but it cannot put together a letter. It is still up to thinking humans to direct the meaning of the text, just as it is still up to a certified translation professional in Singapore to compensate for what a machine translation program lacks. This process of machine-translated results being later reviewed and rectified by a human translator has a specific name: Machine Translation Post-Editing.

Challenges Of Translation: Improving Proofreading Skills For Legibility And Quality

Recent articles have been about the necessity of proofreading when it comes to the work of certified translation professionals in Singapore. Being fluent in two specific languages may be enough to directly translate a document from one language to another, but that will likely not be enough to convey the correct meanings or satisfy the client requesting the translation. That is where proofreading is performed, either by the translator or another employee of a translation company in Singapore, to verify that a document that has gone through the process of document translation services is both accurate in its details and of high-quality in terms of its grammar and phrasing. Previously, what it means to be accurate and how this can be better achieved was the focused-upon topic. Now, attention will be turned to the what’s and how’s of achieving legibility and quality through proofreading for a translated document.

The accuracy of its details is a key quality for translated documents, particularly those from PR application translations. Fortunately, ensuring that a document is accurate can be straight-forward;compare the later translated draft to the original source document in whatever way one is familiar with, and make sure that specific aspects of it (such as names, dates, etc.) are correctly spelled and in order. In this regard, one only needs to confirm that the final draft’s names and dates (and so on) matches the source documents, as these details typically remain the same (unless one considers national and cultural differences).

However, ensuring the translated document’s legibility and quality is a different matter. Rather than confirming that specific portions of the document are spelled or phrased correctly, here the person proofreading must confirm that the overall final draft of it can be easily read and understood in the requested language. Further, the document must be recognized as having been written by an educated professional, not only devoid of errors but also of a good enough writing standard to have come from a notarized translation (i.e., coming with a recognized lawyer’s certification) and presented to official government institutions. If a client has requested certified translation services in Singapore, then they expect the translator or translation company to produce a translated document that clears the high bar of quality described above.

In this case, there is no quick and sure-fire way of immediately learning how to proofread for legibility and quality. This aspect of the skill is one developed over time and experience, either by working within the translation industry itself or just through reading and writing formal documents in other occupations. For instance, if one was previously in a profession related to legal matters, one would of course experience legal documents of various types. With memories of such documents, and if a decision is made to work as a translator in Singapore, then one can use their past work experience to aid in providing legal translation services, as well as later proofreading the documents produced through such a translation service. Although, in a tight situation, the internet also has plentiful examples of formal documents or formal document templates.

Indeed, it would be an ideal situation if a certified translation provider in Singapore can produce a document of high standards immediately acceptable to the client. However, human error is a persistent fact of life, and many other factors can also hamper the quality of a document (including national/cultural differences, lesser-known legal terms, and potential unusual circumstances). As such, a translator or someone assigned to the translator’s work must be versed in proofreading to confirm that the document’s details are accurate, as well as to particularly ensure that the final version of the document is a professional product acceptable to both the client and to the important purpose that the document is intended for.

Challenges of Translation: Improving Proofreading Skills for Accurate Details

 

As written previously, professionals skilled in languages and the certified translation of documents in Singapore must also concern themselves with other skills to be successful at their work, in particular the skill of proofreading. A translator may do it for their own work or someone else could be assigned to check the quality of a freelancer’s conversion of a document’s language, but whatever the reason, a thorough proofreading is an essential step in the translation process. Hence, it is necessary for any who wish to enter the translation industry to also know how to proofread and how to improve their ability to proofread.

Arranging for document translation services via a professional translator or a certified translation company in Singapore already means that the document is important enough to spend significant money on it, especially if it is a notarized translation that requires the services and certifications of a notary public. Following that logic, the person(s) the document is from will then expect the final product to be as accurate as possible and as flawless as possible. For the former, this usually means that in addition to providing the usual translation services, one should also be ensuring that the personal details in the document are correct, and that specific terms are used in the correct context.

Regarding how one can ensure the accuracy of a document’s contents, that requires attention to detail, a quality that can be earned with time and experience. However, one can also learn certain tricks or techniques to speed up the process. For instance, suppose that in the process of a PR application translation, a translator must work with a birth certificate, translating the text of the document while ensuring that names, dates, and places are accurately transferred. Instead of going back and forth from one full-screen document to another, one can have windows for both documents open simultaneously with each filling half a screen. Thus, the translator (or someone else who is proofreading) can make easier comparisons and more easily produce a document that is completely accurate in its details.

The above example also demonstrates the necessity that a certified translation professional in Singapore have some awareness of how various programs like Microsoft Word work, as well as what functions they are capable of. The “Arrange All” option in the View menu of Microsoft Word can be selected to show all open Microsoft Word documents at once. Imagine a different circumstance where a translator is providing a legal translation service and must then translate a multi-page document with several instances of the name “Wolfeschlegelsteinhausenbergerdorff”. It would be quite difficult to remember such a long and complicated name, as well as ensuring that it is correct every time it appears. However, by using Word’s “Find” function, one can simply search for a small part of the name that they are sure is correct for everywhere in the document (such as “Wolf”) and then be provided with an organized list of all its instances where it is easier to compare them against each other.

Currently, there is no quick, easy, and inexpensive way to fully review a document for fully correct details. Automated processes may still overlook key items and human error is always a possibility. In the end, translators (or the proofreaders who work with them) must rely on care and experience to ensure a document’s contents are completely accurate.

What Translators Need: Proofreading

 

Clients typically expect output that is as close to perfection as possible, and a certified translation company in Singapore will often (if not always) ask the same from those they hire as well. If a person wishes to utilize their language skills and find work and/or employment in the translation industry, then they must be prepared to face a high bar of expectations, both in how accurately they translate the source material and how well they write out the document in the requested language. Regarding the latter, there is one crucial skill involved that does not directly involve translation: proofreading.

Proofreading as defined by Merriam-Webster is to read and mark corrections in things. In the case of translations, particularly notarized translations or PR application translations, proofreading here means to diligently and meticulously scan the documents that translators produce.This is done not only to ensure that the document’s language has been converted correctly and that all the key details are correct, but also to confirm that the final product is legible to a fluent speaker of the requested language and recognisable as having sufficient grammatical quality that one would assume it was produced by someone who was also fluent in the requested language.

As mentioned earlier, both clients and translation companies expect translators’ output to be of a high quality (if not the highest). As such, a provider of certified document translation services in Singapore is reasonably expected to proofread their own work before they submit it. However, in translation companies, another step (and person) is added to the process, someone whose role in this case is fully and solely to proofread. They may have been explicitly hired for such a purpose, or they may be an employee who fulfils other tasks alongside proofreading, whichever is the case, they are primarily here to read through the translated document in its requested language and to verify if it is free of errors and of sufficient quality. They do not need to be translators themselves, and only need to be fluent in the requested language. In certain situations, they may also look out for key phrases to ensure that they have been included in the document. For example, when working with a legal translation, one who is proofreading should also be making sure that the translator has used the correct terms and phrases for a legal setting, otherwise the document will not be usable for its intended purpose.

Converting one language to another is a mandatory skill for translators, but others are needed as well, including the proofreading that has been described earlier. If one wishes to work in the certified translation industry of Singapore, then one must also develop one’s skill with proofreading.

Challenges of Translation: The Needs of The Client

When providing certified document translation services in Singapore, one may tend to focus on the act of translation itself, looking directly to the text and translating it to the requested language. This may sound fine on its own but doing so neglects the fact that language is fluid; a word can have multiple meanings depending on the context, and a sentence can imply dramatically different things depending on where in a paragraph it is used. More importantly, a translator focusing entirely on the act of translation is overlooking a crucial factor: the intent of the client.

Whether they be a single person or an organization, clients rarely request for a document to be translated solely to be read by the clients themselves. Frequently, there is a purpose behind that request and a recipient other than the client. If a PR application translation was requested, then the translated documents are meant to be read by government officials for the purpose of gaining Permanent Residency in a country. If legal translation services are requested, then the translator or translation company in question are expected to be familiar with legal terminology in both languages associated with the language.

Even if the text to be translated is not meant for purposes associated with important institutions, one must still consider its target audience, especially if it is meant to be reproduced in large quantities. Is it a book meant largely for classrooms? Then the language used should be formal but not too complicated for the students. Does the text include direct quotations from various peoples for the purpose of promoting travel to a particular country? Then in the process of providing a translation service for this document, one must also attempt to match the tone of each quote’s speaker. While texts like these may not be as crucial as those submitted to governing authorities, the sheer volume of copies that will be distributed to numerous readers allows a paid job to also function as subtle advertising for the quality of one’s translation services, an opportune moment of dual-purpose that a certified translation company in Singapore would gladly seize.

Ultimately, whether a text is to go through a notarized translation and become an official submitted-to-government document or is simply to be a product for a more commercial enterprise, understanding the client’s preferences and requirements are crucial for the translation of a document to be a success. Back-and-forth communication is mandatory to accurately provide what a client wants, but of course being able to understand earlier what they want and provide it to them more quickly is also an essential skill. If one wishes to be known as a dependable provider of certified translation services in Singapore, then it is key for them to understand and address the needs of the client.

What Translators Need To Know: Precautions

In an ideal world, one can rely on professional integrity and common decency to be sure that the services received would be of an acceptable quality. However, a somber truth all must face is that everyone must take their own precautions in their dealings with others. This is the case as well in the field of certified document translation services in Singapore, where client and freelancer alike must exercise care while translator and translation company weigh options and interactions. Fortunately, if an individual takes the time to safeguard themselves and their own interests, whether they seek to employ or be employed, their efforts can be well-rewarded.

On the part of clients, there are plenty of intermediary companies that can verify the quality potential translators for you, but if you are seeking out translators on your own, then you will need to manage the risks as well. For instance, if you are employing a person or a company for a one-time legal translation of a sizable document, and you are uncomfortable with how you are personally unsure of their abilities, then you can ask them to translate a few pages of the document as a trial run. A certified translation company in Singapore can do the same, testing potential translators with a few pages of foreign-language text that the company already knows the meaning of.

In a similar vein, depending on the size of the document to be translated, you could separate it into segments for the translator or translation company to complete one at a time, who can then be paid of each upon completion. This is to their benefit as well if they are unfamiliar with you, as this would split the task into manageable parts and lower the risk of a client disappearing without paying for the final product. It is for this reason that the fee for smaller jobs is usually split into two halves: a deposit to be paid before the translation service begins, and a final payment before the final translated product is sent to the client. This is the case even if only a single page is involved, such as a PR application translation for a single birth certificate. Such a job can also become a notarized translation, which would have the translator or translation company incur costs during the translation process, such as the fee from the lawyer who handles the notarization process.

When translation services are provided, both parties are facing risk, especially if each is unknown to the other. However, so long as each takes the effort to understand the other’s position and the precautions that each needs to set in place first, then mutual agreements can be reach and the provision of certified translation services in Singapore can proceed smoothly.